Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus intermittent positive cases: Implications for infection control
Identifieur interne : 000892 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000891; suivant : 000893Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus intermittent positive cases: Implications for infection control
Auteurs : Sarah H. Alfaraj [Arabie saoudite, Canada] ; Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq [Arabie saoudite, États-Unis] ; Ziad A. Memish [Arabie saoudite, États-Unis]Source :
- American Journal of Infection Control [ 0196-6553 ] ; 2018.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Arabie saoudite (épidémiologie), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (isolement et purification), Humains, Hôpitaux, Infections à coronavirus (diagnostic), Infections à coronavirus (épidémiologie), Lutte contre l'infection (), Partie nasale du pharynx (virologie), RT-PCR (), Tests diagnostiques courants (), Études rétrospectives.
- MESH :
- diagnostic : Infections à coronavirus.
- isolement et purification : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient.
- virologie : Partie nasale du pharynx.
- épidémiologie : Arabie saoudite, Infections à coronavirus.
- Humains, Hôpitaux, Lutte contre l'infection, RT-PCR, Tests diagnostiques courants, Études rétrospectives.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Arabie saoudite.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Coronavirus Infections (diagnosis), Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology), Diagnostic Tests, Routine (methods), Hospitals, Humans, Infection Control (methods), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (isolation & purification), Nasopharynx (virology), Retrospective Studies, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (methods), Saudi Arabia (epidemiology).
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Saudi Arabia.
- diagnosis : Coronavirus Infections.
- epidemiology : Coronavirus Infections.
- isolation & purification : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- methods : Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Infection Control, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction.
- virology : Nasopharynx.
- Hospitals, Humans, Retrospective Studies.
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continues to be reported from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data on the phenomenon of intermittent positive results for MERS-CoV on reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with negative results in between are lacking. Here we describe cases with intermittent positive MERS-CoV test results and highlight the required number of tests to rule out or rule in MERS-CoV infection based on a large retrospective cohort of patients with confirmed MERS-CoV.
This analysis included cases admitted between January 2014 and December 2017. The included patients had a minimum of 3 nasopharyngeal MERS-CoV RT-PCR tests for confirmation and needed 2 negative samples for MERS-CoV evaluated 48 hours apart with clinical improvement or stabilization apart to ensure clearance.
A total of 408 patients with positive MERS-CoV test results were treated at the referring hospital. We excluded 72 patients who had only 1 swab result available in the system and were treated in the initial years of the disease. Of the remaining 336 patients, 300 (89%) had a positive result after 1 swab, 324 (96.5%) had a positive result after 2 consecutive swabs, and 328 (97.6%) had a positive result after 3 consecutive swabs. Of the total cases, 46 (13.7%) had a positive MERS-CoV test then a negative test, followed by positive test results.
Our data indicate that 2 to 3 nasopharyngeal samples are needed to produce the highest yield of positive results for MERS-CoV. In addition, 2 negative results 48 hours apart with clinical improvement or stabilization are needed to clear patients from MERS-CoV. Evaluation of the yield of sputum samples is needed to assess the effectiveness against nasopharyngeal swabs.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.08.020
PubMed: 30352694
PubMed Central: 7115256
Affiliations:
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Alfaraj</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0001">Corona Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Mohamed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Corona Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Mohamed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0002">University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>BC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" sort="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J" first="Jaffar A." last="Al-Tawfiq">Jaffar A. 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Memish</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0006">College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0007">Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Prince Mohamed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Prince Mohamed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff0008">Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">American Journal of Infection Control</title><idno type="ISSN">0196-6553</idno><idno type="eISSN">1527-3296</idno><imprint><date when="2018">2018</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections (diagnosis)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology)</term><term>Diagnostic Tests, Routine (methods)</term><term>Hospitals</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infection Control (methods)</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (isolation & purification)</term><term>Nasopharynx (virology)</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term><term>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (methods)</term><term>Saudi Arabia (epidemiology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arabie saoudite (épidémiologie)</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (isolement et purification)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Hôpitaux</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (diagnostic)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (épidémiologie)</term><term>Lutte contre l'infection ()</term><term>Partie nasale du pharynx (virologie)</term><term>RT-PCR ()</term><term>Tests diagnostiques courants ()</term><term>Études rétrospectives</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Saudi Arabia</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Diagnostic Tests, Routine</term><term>Infection Control</term><term>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Partie nasale du pharynx</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Nasopharynx</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arabie saoudite</term><term>Infections à coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Hospitals</term><term>Humans</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Humains</term><term>Hôpitaux</term><term>Lutte contre l'infection</term><term>RT-PCR</term><term>Tests diagnostiques courants</term><term>Études rétrospectives</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arabie saoudite</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continues to be reported from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data on the phenomenon of intermittent positive results for MERS-CoV on reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with negative results in between are lacking. Here we describe cases with intermittent positive MERS-CoV test results and highlight the required number of tests to rule out or rule in MERS-CoV infection based on a large retrospective cohort of patients with confirmed MERS-CoV.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>This analysis included cases admitted between January 2014 and December 2017. The included patients had a minimum of 3 nasopharyngeal MERS-CoV RT-PCR tests for confirmation and needed 2 negative samples for MERS-CoV evaluated 48 hours apart with clinical improvement or stabilization apart to ensure clearance.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>A total of 408 patients with positive MERS-CoV test results were treated at the referring hospital. We excluded 72 patients who had only 1 swab result available in the system and were treated in the initial years of the disease. Of the remaining 336 patients, 300 (89%) had a positive result after 1 swab, 324 (96.5%) had a positive result after 2 consecutive swabs, and 328 (97.6%) had a positive result after 3 consecutive swabs. Of the total cases, 46 (13.7%) had a positive MERS-CoV test then a negative test, followed by positive test results.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Our data indicate that 2 to 3 nasopharyngeal samples are needed to produce the highest yield of positive results for MERS-CoV. In addition, 2 negative results 48 hours apart with clinical improvement or stabilization are needed to clear patients from MERS-CoV. Evaluation of the yield of sputum samples is needed to assess the effectiveness against nasopharyngeal swabs.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Auwaerter, Pg" uniqKey="Auwaerter P">PG Auwaerter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lim, Pl" uniqKey="Lim P">PL. 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uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assiri, Am" uniqKey="Assiri A">AM Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hinedi, K" uniqKey="Hinedi K">K Hinedi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Huh, Hj" uniqKey="Huh H">HJ Huh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ko, Jh" uniqKey="Ko J">JH Ko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Ye" uniqKey="Kim Y">YE Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Ch" uniqKey="Park C">CH Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hong, G" uniqKey="Hong G">G Hong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, R" uniqKey="Choi R">R Choi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Oh, M" uniqKey="Oh M">M 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Binder</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Huang, P" uniqKey="Huang P">P Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, H" uniqKey="Wang H">H Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cao, Z" uniqKey="Cao Z">Z Cao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jin, H" uniqKey="Jin H">H Jin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chi, H" uniqKey="Chi H">H Chi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, J" uniqKey="Zhao J">J Zhao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chen, Y" uniqKey="Chen Y">Y Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Kh" uniqKey="Chan K">KH Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hong, C" uniqKey="Hong C">C Hong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kang, Y" uniqKey="Kang Y">Y Kang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ge, S" uniqKey="Ge S">S Ge</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, H" uniqKey="Chen H">H Chen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Arabie saoudite</li><li>Canada</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Géorgie (États-Unis)</li><li>Indiana</li><li>Maryland</li></region></list><tree><country name="Arabie saoudite"><noRegion><name sortKey="Alfaraj, Sarah H" sort="Alfaraj, Sarah H" uniqKey="Alfaraj S" first="Sarah H." last="Alfaraj">Sarah H. Alfaraj</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" sort="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J" first="Jaffar A." last="Al-Tawfiq">Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq</name><name sortKey="Memish, Ziad A" sort="Memish, Ziad A" uniqKey="Memish Z" first="Ziad A." last="Memish">Ziad A. Memish</name><name sortKey="Memish, Ziad A" sort="Memish, Ziad A" uniqKey="Memish Z" first="Ziad A." last="Memish">Ziad A. Memish</name></country><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Alfaraj, Sarah H" sort="Alfaraj, Sarah H" uniqKey="Alfaraj S" first="Sarah H." last="Alfaraj">Sarah H. Alfaraj</name></noRegion></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Indiana"><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" sort="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J" first="Jaffar A." last="Al-Tawfiq">Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq</name></region><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" sort="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J" first="Jaffar A." last="Al-Tawfiq">Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq</name><name sortKey="Memish, Ziad A" sort="Memish, Ziad A" uniqKey="Memish Z" first="Ziad A." last="Memish">Ziad A. Memish</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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